Park Board · Vancouver 2026

Leonard Vanderstar

  • Not elected, Park BoardPreliminary count, City of Vancouver. All results

Independent Parks Party candidate for the Park Board, ballot number 202.

Out of 10. Each score counts how complete and checkable the published plan is on that issue. Measured October 3, 2026. Rank this race by the issues you care about

Leonard Vanderstar, ballot number 202 for Park Board in Vancouver, Independent Parks Party. Profile focus: A verified biography and parks priorities.

Researched by voche.me · Not a campaign-authored page

Independent Parks Party2026
Leonard Vanderstar, from Vancouver Independent Parks Party.
Leonard VanderstarPark BoardBallot no.202

Leonard Vanderstar is the Independent Parks Party candidate for Park Board, ballot number 202, in the October 17, 2026 election. The City's candidate list gives his place of residence as Smithers. His own words come from a campaign video on the party's Vimeo channel and from his answers to the Vancouver Public Space Network's Park Board survey. A BC Supreme Court decision records that a Leonard Vanderstar spoke to the Park Board about Stanley Park tree removal in 2024 and that his sworn written statements were before the Board in 2025. This record sets out what could be confirmed and what remains unconfirmed.

How complete is the published plan?

The score counts how complete and checkable the published plan on this issue is. Whether the plan would work is a separate question, left to the reader. Measured October 3, 2026. The same seven points apply to every candidate for this office.

  1. Parks and recreation4/10
    • 2/2
      A position in the candidate’s own words

      “I became very concerned about how Vancouver parks are being managed, specifically, deviation from ensuring lasting ecological sustainability, affordable access, quality of experience and shifts to privatization and corporatization.”

      Stated by the candidate.

      Campaign video, “Leonard Vanderstar for Vancouver Park Board”
    • 2/2
      Names a mechanism the office controls

      “using provincially certified danger tree assessment methods”

      Stated by the candidate.

      2026 Park Board Candidate Survey: Leonard Vanderstar (202), Independent Parks Party
    • 0/2
      States a measurable target

      No number for what would exist or change.

    • 0/1
      States a cost or funding source

      No cost or funding source.

    • 0/1
      States a timeline

      No date or term milestone.

    • 0/1
      A dated, sourced action on the issue

      No dated public action on this issue found.

    • 0/1
      Answered the voche.me question on the issue

      The questionnaire has not been sent yet. No candidate has this point.

    Independent Parks Party’s platform on parks: 9 commitments, at least one with a number. Party text earns the candidate the position point only.

    What this office controls. Vancouver is the only major city in Canada with a separately elected park board. Its seven commissioners control parks, community centres, pools, rinks and beaches.

    Every Park Board candidate on parks, scored the same way

  2. Governance and City Hall4/10
    • 2/2
      A position in the candidate’s own words

      “the City of Vancouver’s present ability to outsource up to $2 million dollars for works within parks without the approval of elected Park Board Commissioners. This is unacceptable.”

      Stated by the candidate.

      Campaign video, “Leonard Vanderstar for Vancouver Park Board”
    • 2/2
      Names a mechanism the office controls

      “VIPP will convene monthly town halls”

      Stated by the candidate.

      2026 Park Board Candidate Survey: Leonard Vanderstar (202), Independent Parks Party
    • 0/2
      States a measurable target

      No number for what would exist or change.

    • 0/1
      States a cost or funding source

      No cost or funding source.

    • 0/1
      States a timeline

      No date or term milestone.

    • 0/1
      A dated, sourced action on the issue

      No dated public action on this issue found.

    • 0/1
      Answered the voche.me question on the issue

      The questionnaire has not been sent yet. No candidate has this point.

    What this office controls. Council, the Park Board and the Board of Education each set their own meeting rules, committees, public consultation and reporting. The Vancouver Charter and the School Act create the three bodies and set their powers, and only the Province can change those acts.

    Every Park Board candidate on governance, scored the same way

  3. City taxes and the capital plan2/10
    • 2/2
      A position in the candidate’s own words

      “First and foremost, funding via commercialization and privatization of our parks must end.”

      Stated by the candidate.

      2026 Park Board Candidate Survey: Leonard Vanderstar (202), Independent Parks Party
    • 0/2
      Names a mechanism the office controls

      No instrument the office controls is named.

    • 0/2
      States a measurable target

      No number for what would exist or change.

    • 0/1
      States a cost or funding source

      No cost or funding source.

    • 0/1
      States a timeline

      No date or term milestone.

    • 0/1
      A dated, sourced action on the issue

      No dated public action on this issue found.

    • 0/1
      Answered the voche.me question on the issue

      The questionnaire has not been sent yet. No candidate has this point.

    Independent Parks Party’s platform on taxes and budget: 4 commitments, at least one with a number. Party text earns the candidate the position point only.

    What this office controls. The Park Board sets its own fees and approves its budget request. Council approves the City budget that funds it and the capital plan that pays for park buildings.

    Every Park Board candidate on taxes and budget, scored the same way

  4. Climate and buildings4/10
    • 2/2
      A position in the candidate’s own words

      “Restore and promote forest canopy with tree species composition that reflect the Coastal Western Hemlock biogeoclimatic zone.”

      Stated by the candidate.

      2026 Park Board Candidate Survey: Leonard Vanderstar (202), Independent Parks Party
    • 2/2
      Names a mechanism the office controls

      “We will establish the Green Canopy Office”

      Stated by the candidate.

      2026 Park Board Candidate Survey: Leonard Vanderstar (202), Independent Parks Party
    • 0/2
      States a measurable target

      No number for what would exist or change.

    • 0/1
      States a cost or funding source

      No cost or funding source.

    • 0/1
      States a timeline

      No date or term milestone.

    • 0/1
      A dated, sourced action on the issue

      No dated public action on this issue found.

    • 0/1
      Answered the voche.me question on the issue

      The questionnaire has not been sent yet. No candidate has this point.

    Independent Parks Party’s platform on climate: 7 commitments, none with a number. Party text earns the candidate the position point only.

    What this office controls. The Park Board manages trees, natural areas and the shoreline inside parks, and its own community centres, pools and rinks. The City’s building bylaw is Council’s.

    Every Park Board candidate on climate, scored the same way

  5. Policing and public safety1/10
    • 1/2
      A position in the candidate’s own words

      Party platform; candidate not quoted. Independent Parks Party publishes 1 commitment on this issue.

    • 0/2
      Names a mechanism the office controls

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/2
      States a measurable target

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/1
      States a cost or funding source

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/1
      States a timeline

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/1
      A dated, sourced action on the issue

      No dated public action on this issue found.

    • 0/1
      Answered the voche.me question on the issue

      The questionnaire has not been sent yet. No candidate has this point.

    Independent Parks Party’s platform on public safety: 1 commitment, none with a number. Party text earns the candidate the position point only.

    What this office controls. The Park Board makes the bylaws and rules for parks and beaches and runs the park rangers. Policing is the Vancouver Police Department’s, and Council approves its budget.

    Every Park Board candidate on public safety, scored the same way

  6. Transport and street design1/10
    • 1/2
      A position in the candidate’s own words

      Party platform; candidate not quoted. Independent Parks Party publishes 2 commitments on this issue.

    • 0/2
      Names a mechanism the office controls

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/2
      States a measurable target

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/1
      States a cost or funding source

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/1
      States a timeline

      Party text earns no points here; the statement must be the candidate’s own.

    • 0/1
      A dated, sourced action on the issue

      No dated public action on this issue found.

    • 0/1
      Answered the voche.me question on the issue

      The questionnaire has not been sent yet. No candidate has this point.

    Independent Parks Party’s platform on transport: 2 commitments, none with a number. Party text earns the candidate the position point only.

    What this office controls. The Park Board decides the roads, paths and parking inside parks, including Stanley Park Drive. City streets and bike lanes outside parks are Council’s.

    Every Park Board candidate on transport, scored the same way

Which of these issues matter to you? Weight them and see all Park Board candidates in your own order.

Search log for Leonard Vanderstar: 7 of 7 steps done. Every point links to the source it was read in. Report an error through the corrections form.

Where can you hear Leonard Vanderstar?

No upcoming public appearance by Leonard Vanderstar is confirmed in the sources checked on October 3, 2026.

Checked October 3, 2026 · All event times are Vancouver local time. Recheck the organizer before travelling.

On dates without a confirmed appearance the public schedule is unknown; the candidate may still have activities that day. This static page changes only when its research is updated.

About Leonard Vanderstar

Leonard Vanderstar appears on the City of Vancouver's final 2026 candidate list for Park Board, with ballot number 202. The City records the affiliation as Independent Parks Party and gives his place of residence as Smithers, B.C. The City's entry lists no social media account and no contact route for him.

Daily Hive's published ballot order lists Vanderstar at number 202 for Park Board with the Independent Parks Party.

VoteMate's party page for the Independent Parks Party lists five park board candidates: Niknaz Alemi, Michael Robert Caditz, Brynja Marshall, Cam Rothery and Leonard Vanderstar. The party runs candidates for park board only, and Vanderstar's own VoteMate profile confirms the party and the race.

The Independent Parks Party website says it is a project of the Association for the Promotion of Science in Governance, a British Columbia non-profit organization, and carries an election authorization by Michael Robert Caditz.

voche.me assembled this profile from the official candidate list and the campaign material linked under Sources. The campaign has not been contacted, and no candidate-supplied content appears on this page.

A campaign video published on the party's Vimeo channel on September 13, 2026 has Vanderstar speaking in his own voice about why he is running. He says he was an expert witness on tree removal in Stanley Park. A BC Supreme Court decision of December 17, 2025, on a challenge to the Stanley Park tree removal brought by the Stanley Park Preservation Society and four people including Michael Robert Caditz, records that a Leonard Vanderstar spoke to a Park Board committee about the work on December 9, 2024, and that sworn written statements from Leonard Vanderstar were part of the material before the Park Board when it approved the last phase of the work on July 21, 2025. The decision gives no further detail about his role or what he said.

In his answers to the Vancouver Public Space Network's 2026 Park Board candidate survey, published by September 29, 2026, Vanderstar says his first act would be to stop tree removal in Stanley Park, except for trees that a provincially certified danger tree assessment finds to be an immediate risk to people or property. He also says he would take part in the party's proposed Green Canopy Office because of his professional background in forest ecology. That background is his own account.

Read the sources

Commitments and the available evidence.

Published positions and selected commitments, separated by election cycle. Status labels describe the evidence reviewed, not a numerical score or a complete audit of the platform. Council approval is different from delivery.

17 commitments shown · Checked Oct 3

Concerned about the direction of park management

Vanderstar's campaign video says he became concerned about how Vancouver parks are managed, pointing to a move away from ecological sustainability, affordable access and quality of experience, and a shift toward privatization and corporatization.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
The video states a general concern. It names no bylaw, program, number, cost or date.
What still needs checking
Which specific park policy, lease or contract would he change first?

Halt park commercialization

Vanderstar's campaign video calls for uniting to stop what he calls the commercialization of parks and to speak up for forests, trails, playgrounds, sport fields and pools.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach. It names no specific facility, contract, number or date.
What still needs checking
Which commercial arrangement would he move to end first, and on what timeline?

Board approval over outsourced park works

Vanderstar's campaign video says the City can outsource up to $2 million in park works without the elected Park Board's approval, and calls that unacceptable.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
The party's own platform, read separately, says a Park Board Procurement Policy amendment raised this delegated outsourcing authority from $750,000 to $2 million, and that the party would repeal it. Vanderstar's own words state the concern but do not themselves name a repeal, a new threshold, a cost or a date, so no mechanism, target, cost or timeline point applies to his own statement.
What still needs checking
Would he move to repeal the amendment himself, and to what threshold?

Base decisions on information and public concerns

Vanderstar's campaign video says good decisions depend on good information and on responding effectively to public concerns, which he says the current Park Board lacks.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach to decision-making. It names no consultation process, meeting rule, number or date.
What still needs checking
What consultation or reporting rule would he put in place?

Party platform: repeal the outsourcing authority increase

The Independent Parks Party's platform says it would repeal the Park Board Procurement Policy amendment that raised the City's delegated outsourcing authority for park works from $750,000 to $2 million.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
The platform names the amendment and the two dollar figures. It names no date for a repeal motion. The position does not name Vanderstar individually.
What still needs checking
When would a repeal motion come before the Board?

Background: environmental and governance experience

Vanderstar's campaign video says he and Michael Caditz are founding directors of the Association for the Promotion of Science in Governance, the non-profit behind the party, and describes his own record of environmental work.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
Background from his own video. It names no specific park policy, number, cost or date, so it is tagged to no scored issue and earns no points.
What still needs checking
What would this experience cost or change, and by when?

Stop tree removal in Stanley Park

Asked what one change he would make in one park on his first day, Vanderstar's survey answer says he would stop tree removal in Stanley Park, except for trees found to be an immediate risk to people or property using provincially certified danger tree assessment methods.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
The answer names the park and the assessment standard that would decide which trees may be removed. It gives no cost, no number of trees and no date.
What still needs checking
Would he bring a motion to the Board to set this rule, and what would happen to work already under contract?

Replant the Stanley Park forest with native species

The same answer says he would restore and promote the forest canopy in Stanley Park with tree species that match the coastal western hemlock forest zone.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach. It names no number of trees, cost or date.
What still needs checking
How many trees would be planted, at what cost, and over what period?

Set up a Green Canopy Office

In answer to a question on climate, Vanderstar's survey answer says the party will set up a Green Canopy Office, a panel of experts to help the Park Board direct City staff on tree care in parks, and that he would be directly involved because of his background in forest ecology.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
The answer names a new Board office and what it would do. It gives no cost, membership number or date.
What still needs checking
What would the office cost, how many experts would sit on it, and when would it start?

Add park space in step with growth

Vanderstar's survey answer says new park and green space must grow in proportion to the growth of each area.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach. It names no ratio, number of hectares, cost or date.
What still needs checking
What amount of park space per resident or per area would he set as the standard?

Party position: rescind the Nelson Park substation approval

Vanderstar's survey answer says the party will work to cancel the Park Board's approval for the BC Hydro substation at Nelson Park and ask the British Columbia Utilities Commission to refuse the permit.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
This passage repeats, word for word, text that Michael Robert Caditz gave in the same survey, so it is counted as party text. It names no date for a motion.
What still needs checking
When would the party bring the motion to rescind?

Party position: review the Burrard View Park food forest and fire pit

Vanderstar's survey answer says the party will carry out a full review of the food forest and fire pit at Burrard View Park, considering the needs of the neighbourhood.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
This passage repeats, word for word, text that Michael Robert Caditz gave in the same survey, so it is counted as party text. It names no date or cost.
What still needs checking
Who would carry out the review, and by when?

End park funding through commercial deals

Vanderstar's survey answer says park funding through commercialization and privatization must end, and that parks should be paid for from the City's tax base, provincial and federal grants and affordable user fees, agreed between the Park Board and the City.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach to funding. It names no budget figure, fee level or date.
What still needs checking
Which current commercial agreements would end, and how would the lost revenue be replaced?

Hold monthly town halls

Vanderstar's survey answer says the party will hold monthly town halls so that residents can raise their concerns with the Park Board.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
The answer names a regular public meeting the Board could hold. It gives no cost, place or start date.
What still needs checking
Where would the town halls be held, and would the Board be required to respond to what is raised?

Keep an elected Park Board

Vanderstar's survey answer says the party will make sure the Park Board is kept and keeps its authority over the City's parks, and says moves to abolish it are one reason he is running.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of position. It names no specific step, number or date.
What still needs checking
What would he do if Council or the Province moved to end the Board?

Continue shared management of parks with First Nations

Asked whether he would continue the Board's work toward reconciliation and co-management with the Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh Nations, Vanderstar's survey answer calls shared management of parks (co-management) a good thing and says corporations owned by Indigenous groups will be treated the same as other corporations.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach. It names no agreement, process, cost or date.
What still needs checking
Which co-management agreements would he keep, change or add?

Affordable access and support for cultural events

Vanderstar's survey answer says affordable access for everyone and support for multicultural events in parks would help reduce division and social isolation.

Evidence & next checks
Evidence reviewed
A statement of approach. It names no fee level, program, cost or date.
What still needs checking
Which fees would he lower, and which events would the Board support?

Policies, budgets & programs

Each entry below names its source. Campaign material is the candidate's own account. Nothing here is presented as a verified outcome unless the entry says so.

No reviewed entries have been added to this section yet. This is a research gap, not a finding about the candidate.

Talks, interviews & statements

Read original statements and reporting, or open the publisher’s video. A summary of a speech is labelled separately from a full recording.

Statement

Answers to the Vancouver Public Space Network Park Board survey

He answered all 10 questions. He calls for stopping tree removal in Stanley Park except for trees found to be an immediate risk, a Green Canopy Office of experts, an end to park funding through commercial deals, monthly town halls, keeping the Park Board, and continued shared management of parks with First Nations. Two passages repeat text that Michael Robert Caditz gave in the same survey. The answers were listed on the survey's index page, last updated September 29, 2026.

Statement

Spoke to a Park Board committee on Stanley Park tree removal

The BC Supreme Court's decision of December 17, 2025 lists a Leonard Vanderstar among the members of the public who spoke to the Park Board committee on December 9, 2024, when the Board approved speeding up part of the third phase of the Stanley Park tree removal. The decision does not report what he said. His campaign video says he was an expert witness on Stanley Park tree removal, which matches this record.

Statement

Sworn statements before the Park Board on Stanley Park tree removal

The same decision lists sworn written statements (affidavits) of Leonard Vanderstar in the material before the Park Board on July 21, 2025, when it approved the rest of the third phase of the Stanley Park tree removal. The decision gives no summary of what the statements said.

Controversies & public scrutiny

Records are labelled by type, including official findings, civil proceedings and political disputes where applicable. Each entry identifies the response found in the sources and the latest status verified for this page.

No reviewed entries have been added to this section yet. This is a research gap, not a finding about the candidate.

Read the reporting

A dated reading list from independent publishers. The headings below are voche.me summaries; follow each link for the original article, context and any corrections.

Daily Hive

Vancouver's 2026 civic election candidate list is set: All 130 names in ballot order

Vanderstar is listed at ballot number 202 for Park Board with the Independent Parks Party.

Check the evidence

Sources checked October 3, 2026. Official records establish decisions; campaign material establishes stated positions; reporting adds investigation and context. None alone establishes every claim.

Official record 4 sources
Campaign 4 sources
Reporting 3 sources
Event listing 1 sources

No personal website for Vanderstar was found, and the City's candidate list shows no social media or contact route for him. The party's home page (parksparty.vote) serves only navigation, a login prompt and its authorization line to a plain request; its Upcoming Activities page shows no text, so no party event naming him could be read. The party's platform, 33 numbered positions at parksparty.vote/Platform, names no individual commissioner. His VoteMate profile confirms his party and office and holds no biography or promises. The BC Supreme Court decision on the Stanley Park tree removal names a Leonard Vanderstar as a speaker at the Park Board in December 2024 and lists his sworn written statements before the Board in July 2025; it does not say what he said, and the statements themselves were not found online. Park Board committee minutes for both dates give speaker counts only. The City's list gives his residence as Smithers, and a Len Vanderstar who works as an ecosystems biologist in Smithers appears in other public pages; no campaign or independent page says they are the same person, so that work record is left out. His claim to be a founding director of the Association for the Promotion of Science in Governance has not been checked against the provincial register of societies. No news report, interview or debate appearance naming Vanderstar was found other than the Daily Hive ballot list. The Kerrisdale Community Centre's list of confirmed speakers for its September 29 Park Board meeting does not include him, and the October 3 West End forum notice does not name who will attend.

What voche.me has checked

Evidence reviewed on September 22 and 26, 2026, and again on October 3, 2026: the City's Park Board candidate list, a campaign video in which Vanderstar states his own reasons for running, his answers to the Vancouver Public Space Network's Park Board survey, the party's website and platform, his VoteMate profile, the party's Bluesky posts, a BC Supreme Court decision on Stanley Park tree removal, and Park Board committee minutes.

The party's home page holds only navigation and a login prompt. Its platform, 33 numbered positions, is posted at a separate address and does not name any individual commissioner, so none of it is counted as Vanderstar's own words. Two passages in his survey answers repeat, word for word, text that Michael Robert Caditz gave in the same survey, so those passages are treated as party text.

The City's list gives his place of residence as Smithers. A Len Vanderstar who works as an ecosystems biologist in Smithers appears in other public pages, and in the survey the candidate says he has a professional background in forest ecology. No page published by the campaign or by an independent source says the two are the same person, so voche.me has not used that biologist's work record in this profile.

The ballot name, office, ballot number and party label come from the City's final candidate list. Everything described as campaign material is the candidate's or the party's own account and has not been confirmed by an independent source unless stated otherwise.

Experience & community

2024 to 2025

Public submissions to the Park Board on Stanley Park tree removal

A BC Supreme Court decision records that a Leonard Vanderstar spoke to a Park Board committee on December 9, 2024 about the Stanley Park tree removal plan, and that his sworn written statements were part of the material before the Park Board on July 21, 2025. His campaign video describes this as his role as an expert witness.

Stanley Park Preservation Society v. Vancouver Board of Parks and Recreation, 2025 BCSC 2500
Year not stated

Founding director, Association for the Promotion of Science in Governance

His campaign video says he and Michael Caditz are founding directors of this non-profit, which the party's website names as the body behind the Independent Parks Party. voche.me has not checked this against the provincial register of societies.

Campaign video, “Leonard Vanderstar for Vancouver Park Board”

Questions for the candidate

Proposed questions for a future interview. They have not been sent to the candidate, and no answers have been supplied.

What experience and three Park Board proposals would you like voters to assess?

No response has been submitted.

How would you divide funding between existing-facility maintenance, affordable access and new construction?

No response has been submitted.

Have your own question?

Ask Leonard Vanderstar directly. We send it to the campaign, and publish the reply here if we get one.

Questions about this page

Facts voche.me can state about Leonard Vanderstar's page itself, answered directly rather than left blank.

Is this an official page for Leonard Vanderstar?

No. This page is researched by voche.me from public sources, listed below, and is separate from Leonard Vanderstar's own campaign.

What is Leonard Vanderstar's ballot number for the 2026 Vancouver election?

Leonard Vanderstar is number 202 on the City of Vancouver's official 2026 ballot for Park Board.

What party did Leonard Vanderstar run with?

Leonard Vanderstar ran for Park Board with Independent Parks Party.

Does Leonard Vanderstar currently hold public office?

Not according to this profile. voche.me has not listed a current public office for Leonard Vanderstar.

How many sources does this Leonard Vanderstar profile cite?

This profile lists 4 sourced references, each with the date voche.me checked it, in the Sources section below.

Has Leonard Vanderstar filed nomination papers for the 2026 election?

voche.me has not yet added a nomination record for Leonard Vanderstar. This does not mean no nomination paper was filed, only that voche.me has not completed that research yet.

Why do some questions on Leonard Vanderstar's page show no answer?

The "Questions & answers" section on this page lists questions voche.me would put to Leonard Vanderstar in a future interview. They have not been sent yet, so the page says plainly that no answer has been supplied instead of leaving the section blank.

When was the election Leonard Vanderstar ran in?

The 2026 Vancouver municipal election, including the Park Board race, was decided on October 17, 2026.

Space for campaign updates

Record reviewed, with a correction on the Stanley Park court case

This profile said that no court record named Vanderstar in connection with Stanley Park tree removal. That was wrong. The BC Supreme Court's decision of December 17, 2025 (2025 BCSC 2500) names a Leonard Vanderstar among the people who spoke to a Park Board committee on December 9, 2024, and lists his sworn written statements in the material before the Board on July 21, 2025. The biography, experience and research notes now say so. Also added on this date: his answers to the Vancouver Public Space Network's Park Board survey, the City's listing of his residence as Smithers, and the October 3 Park Board forum in the West End as an unconfirmed event. No calendar entries dated before October 3 were in the record, so none were changed or removed.

Read the update

Sources & transparency

Missing information does not imply a candidate’s position. Read our editorial standards.

Campaign contact

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